Why did farmers attempt to organize politically during economic hardships?

Farmers attempted to organize politically during economic hardships primarily to address the critical issue of regulating railroad transport charges. During periods of economic difficulty, many farmers found themselves at the mercy of railroad companies that often charged exorbitant rates for the transport of their goods. This situation was exacerbated by the monopolistic practices of railroads, which allowed them to dictate pricing without competition.

By organizing politically, farmers aimed to advocate for legislation that would control these rates and ensure fair transportation costs. Their collective efforts led to movements and the establishment of organizations such as the Grange and the Populist Party, which focused on issues like railroad regulation, among others. This grassroots political mobilization was crucial for farmers seeking to improve their economic situations and gain leverage against powerful corporate interests.